However, several instances of popular etymology are attested in the works of ancient authors. The etymology of the theonym is uncertain, to the extent that Farnell's majesterial study states that "none of the various etymological theories and guesses are worth mentioning." This rather dire conclusion is echoed by Rose, who argues that "since his name apparently is not Greek, or at least, no reasonably certain Greek etymology has yet been found for it, we may suppose that the invaders, on their way into Greece, found and adopted him, no one can say where or when, but certainly before they reached Greece proper and we may also not improbably suppose that, once in Greece, they identified the god they had made their own with local deities of somewhat similar character." This contrast is visually represented in the Bourghese Vase. However, the Greeks thought of these two qualities as complementary: the two gods are brothers, and when Apollo at winter left for Hyperborea, he would leave the Delphic oracle to Dionysus. The contrast between the roles of these gods is reflected in the adjectives Apollonian and Dionysian. In literary contexts, Apollo represents harmony, order, and reason -characteristics contrasted with those of Dionysus, god of wine, who represents ecstasy and disorder.
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